Of the federally recognized tribes in , participated in class II or class III gaming by Approximately forty percent of the federally recognized tribes operate gaming establishments.

Like other Americans, many indigenous Americans have dissension over the issue of casino gambling. Some tribes are too isolated geographically to make a casino successful, while some do not want non-native Americans on their land.

Though casino gambling is controversial, it has proven economically successful for most tribes, and the impact of American Indian gambling has proven to be far-reaching.

Gaming creates many jobs, not only for native Americans, but also for non-native Americans, and in this way can positively affect relations with the non-native American community. On some reservations, the number of non-native American workers is larger than the number of Native American workers because of the scale of the casino resorts.

For example, the San Manuel Band of Mission Indians of California gave 4 million dollars to the UCLA Law School to establish a center for American Indian Studies. Although casinos have proven successful for both the tribes and the surrounding regions, state residents may oppose construction of native American casinos, especially if they have competing projects.

The project's objective was to create jobs for the tribes' young people. The same day the state voted against the Indian casino project, Maine voters approved a plan to add slot machines to the state's harness racing tracks. The National Indian Gaming Commission oversees Native American gaming for the federal government.

The National Indian Gaming Commission NIGC was established under the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act in Under the NIGC, Class I gaming is under the sole jurisdiction of the tribe. Class II gaming is governed by the tribe, but it is also subject to NIGC regulation.

Class III gaming is under the jurisdiction of the states. For instance, in order for a tribe to build and operate a casino, the tribe must work and negotiate with the state in which it is located. These Tribal-State compacts determine how much revenue the states will obtain from the Indian casinos.

The Indian Gaming Regulatory Act requires that gaming revenues be used only for governmental or charitable purposes. Revenues have been used to build houses, schools, and roads; to fund health care and education; and to support community and economic development initiatives.

Indian gaming is the first and essentially the only economic development tool available on Indian reservations. The National Gaming Impact Study Commission has stated that "no economic development other than gaming has been found". There are currently 30 states that have native American gaming: Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Idaho, Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Dakota, Texas, Washington, Wisconsin, and Wyoming.

The classic lottery is a drawing in which each contestant buys a combination of numbers. Plays are usually non-exclusive, meaning that two or more ticket holders may buy the same combination.

The lottery organization then draws the winning combination of numbers, usually from 1 to 50, using a randomized, automatic ball tumbler machine. To win, contestants match their combinations of numbers with the drawn combination. The combination may be in any order, except in some "mega ball" lotteries, where the "mega" number for the combination must match the ball designated as the "mega ball" in the winning combination.

If there are multiple winners, they split the winnings, also known as the "Jackpot". Winnings are currently subject to federal income taxes as ordinary income. Winnings can be awarded as a yearly annuity or as a lump sum , depending on lottery rules.

Most states have state-sponsored and multi-state lotteries. There are only five states that do not sell lottery tickets: Alabama, Alaska, Hawaii, Nevada, and Utah. In some states, revenues from lotteries are designated for a specific budgetary purpose, such as education. Other states put lottery revenue into the general fund.

Multi-jurisdictional lotteries generally have larger jackpots due to the greater number of tickets sold. The Mega Millions and Powerball games are the biggest of such lotteries in terms of numbers of participating states.

Some state lotteries run games other than the lotteries. Usually, these are in the scratchcard format, although some states use pull-tab games. In either format, cards are sold that have opaque areas. In some games, all of the opaque material is removed to see if the contestant has won, and how much.

In other scratchcard games, a contestant must pick which parts of a card to scratch, to match amounts or play another form of game. In , the U. Congress passed the Professional and Amateur Sports Protection Act PASPA.

It mandated states not to legalize sports betting apart from parimutuel horse racing , dog racing and jai alai. The sports lotteries conducted in Oregon , Delaware , and Montana were exempt, as well as the licensed sports pools in Nevada.

In , PASPA was overturned by the Supreme Court of the United States in Murphy v. National Collegiate Athletic Association , ruling that it conflicted with the Tenth Amendment. As of September , sportsbooks are legal in 37 states the District of Columbia, and the territory of Puerto Rico,with legal sports betting operation also expected to begin in North Carolina later in , Online sports betting also legal in 30 states, Washington D.

and Puerto Rico. According to the Center for Gaming Research University Libraries, legal gambling revenues for were as follows: [1].

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January American Gaming Association. Archived from the original on Retrieved Archived from the original PDF on The Praeger Handbook on Contemporary Issues in Native America , Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers, Contemporary Native American Issues: Political Issues.

Chelsea House Publishers, Retrieved January 11, Huffington Post. Chris Christie: "Let them try to stop us" from sports betting".

Associated Press. May 25, Retrieved March 16, — via CBS News. New York Times. June 11, Retrieved June 19, Senate committee passes budget bill".

Providence, RI: Providence Journal. Here's where all 50 states stand on legalizing sports gambling". The New York Times. ISSN Salisbury, MD: WBOC-TV. Retrieved May 31, Retrieved June 5, Kim Reynolds approves bill to legalize sports betting in Iowa". Lexington, KY: WKYT-TV.

March 31, Lexington, KY: WLEX-TV. September 7, So when might it start? Detroit Free Press. Retrieved 29 January Bleacher Report. Retrieved August 9, April 18, Sports Handle. Retrieved May 8, Retrieved July 13, Retrieved July 13, — via Twitter.

Asbury Park Press. Retrieved January 23, Here's What To Know". Retrieved October 29, Ohio Casino Control Commission. Retrieved 5 May Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Retrieved November 21, The Tennessean. Gambling Industry News. Where in the United States is sports betting legal, and where can you place your wagers online?

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